Validez de la Estructura Interna del Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) en trabajadores peruanos / Internal structure validity of Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) in Peruvian workers

Resumen El Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES), medida de engagement laboral, ha tenido controversias respecto a la interpretación de su dimensionalidad, es decir, si sus puntajes pueden ser unidimensionales, multidimensionales o de dos niveles (unidimensional y multidimensional). El presente estudio tuvo por objetivo examinar la estructura interna (dimensionalidad, invarianza de medición y confiabilidad) del UWES (dos versiones: larga y breve) en una muestra de 636 trabajadores peruanos. Se aplicó el modelamiento de ecuaciones estructurales para la evaluación de tres modelos de dimensionalidad: un solo factor (unidimensionalidad), tres factores relacionados (multidimensionalidad) y bifactor (dos niveles de interpretación: factor general y factores específicos). Los resultados indican que, luego de aplicar el modelamiento bifactor, la varianza común obtenida de un factor general es más fuerte que la interpretación de tres dimensiones. Este resultado se repitió en ambas versiones del UWES (larga y breve). La invarianza de medición fue satisfactoria en el nivel configuracional, métrica y escalar (en ambas versiones). Con respecto a la consistencia interna, se obtuvieron coeficientes satisfactorios (mayores a .70). Se concluye que el modelo de tres dimensiones del UWES para obtener los puntajes debe ser reemplazado por un modelo unidimensional, representado con un puntaje total. Se discuten las implicaciones teóricas y prácticas.

Abstract The Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES), a measure of work engagement, has had controversies regarding the interpretation of its dimensionality, that is, whether its scores can be one-dimensional, multidimensional or two-level (one-dimensional and multidimensional). The dimensionality of the UWES has been questioned mainly due to the high covariation between its components, an aspect consistently verified in the observed scores and latent variables (De Bruin y Henn 2013), even by the same authors (Schaufeli et al., 2006). This has two implications, one operational and one conceptual. In the operational context, the calculation of scores is also influenced by the statistical differentiation of the factors found in the factor analyzes. This means that if one or more factors are retained and justified, this also determines the same number of observed scores that can be calculated and interpreted. On the other hand, the conceptual implication is that the comprehensive framework of a three-dimensional psychological phenomenon differs from the one-dimensional. For example, the differentiation between dimensions generates the possibility of different trends between dimensions (e. g., one of three is high and the other low) and in this case, the concept of engagement becomes very generic and ambiguous to name and understand the different possibilities. Specific combination of its dimensions or jeopardizes its content validity, implying the need for other more specific concepts, which although related to engagement, can be independent. The objective of the present study was to examine the internal structure (dimensionality, measurement invariance and reliability) of the UWES (two versions: long and short) in a sample of 636 Peruvian workers. Structural equation modeling was applied to evaluate three dimensionality models: a single factor (one-dimensionality), three related factors (multidimensionality) and bifactor (two levels of interpretation: general factor and specific factors). The results indicate that, after applying bifactor modeling, the common variance obtained from a general factor is stronger than the three-dimensional interpretation. This result was repeated in both versions of the UWES (long and short). The measurement invariance was satisfactory at the configurational, metric and scalar levels (in both versions). Regarding internal consistency, satisfactory coefficients (greater than .70) were obtained. Three issues emerge from this study that modify the original theoretical interpretation of the UWES (which consists of using three related factors). The first is the existence of a general factor underlying the items, and which is statistically substantial as a source of variance of the items, independent of specific factors. In this general factor, the items generally contribute to their variance, except for two items whose discriminative capacity is moderately low (11 and 13, both of the specific factor Absorption). The main element of this general factor is the Dedication factor, whose items completely represented this general factor. Second, the differentiation of two specific factors corresponding to Vigor and Absorption does not appear to be psychometrically sufficient to describe nested constructs within the engagement construct, and therefore its independent interpretation of the general factor could be questioned. However, a contrary argument is that both factors show different amount of specific variance, although low compared to the general factor; for example, Absorption shows more divergent validity compared to Vigor, while the latter contains more common variance (general factor). Third, Dedication was completely absorbed by the general factor, and is only relevant insofar as its items are completely related to the general factor. Therefore, this component lost statistical autonomy and, consequently, very poor conceptual differentiation. It is concluded that the UWES - three-dimensional model to obtain the scores must be replaced by a one-dimensional model, represented with a total score. Implications are future research are discussed.

Association Between Substance Use Behaviors, Developmental Assets and Mental Health: A Glance at Latin American Young College Students.

Positive Youth Development (PYD) is an approach that promotes resilience and focuses on youth strengths rather than their weaknesses as done by the traditional deficit-based perspective. Research in Europe and North America show that developmental assets are associated with school success, psychological well-being, and lower health risks among youth and young adults. However, not much research has been done on these associations in Latin American contexts. The purpose of this research study is to assess the association between substance use behaviors, such as drunkenness and the use of illicit drugs, and mental health, together with the mediating role of developmental assets representing youth strengths (e.g., social competence) and contextual resources (e.g., social support at home or school). Cross-national data was collected from Colombian (n = 210; 70.4% females) and Peruvian (n = 349; 66.5% females) 1st year university students. Results shed light on the protective role of developmental assets regarding substance use behaviors and mental well-being. Specifically, the results showed direct negative associations between developmental assets and substance use behaviors and positive associations of developmental assets with mental health indicators. Internal assets appear to be a stronger predictor of social, emotional, and psychological well-being compared to external assets. We did not find any statistical significance in the association of substance use behavior and mental health. We discuss implications regarding research, policy, and practice.

Prevalencia y severidad del burnout académico en estudiantes universitarios durante la pandemia por la COVID-19

Introducción: El burnout académico (BA) es un proceso insidioso caracterizado por el sentimiento de agotamiento emocional a causa de las demandas de la vida académica, y pese a su repercusión en la salud de las personas, su prevalencia aún no ha sido reportada en Perú. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue reportar la prevalencia de BA, basado en el agotamiento emocional, que experimentan los estudiantes universitarios, y la diferencia según sexo y año de estudio. Método: Participaron 341 estudiantes universitarios (76% mujeres) de diversas instituciones que se encontraban entre el segundo y cuarto año de estudios. Fue utilizada la Escala de Cansancio Emocional en la evaluación de los estudiantes. Resultados: La prevalencia de BA fue descrita mediante porcentajes y la comparación entre grupos fue realizada con medidas de magnitud del efecto. Los resultados revelan niveles de BA a un nivel alto (31.4%) y en riesgo (11.7%). Por otro lado, las mujeres puntúan más alto que los hombres en BA, pero no se hallaron diferencias según el año de estudio. La asociación con ansiedad y depresión fue moderada. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de burnout académico fue significativa, y se asocia con ansiedad y depresión.

Background: Academic burnout (AB) is an insidious process characterized by the feeling of emotional exhaustion due to the demands of academic life. Despite its impact on people's health, its prevalence has not yet been reported in Peru. The objective was to estimate the prevalence of AB, based on the emotional exhaustion experienced by university students, and the differences according to the student's year of study and sex. Method: Participants were 341 college students (76% women) from several institutions who were enrolled between the second and fourth year-of-studies. The Emotional Exhaustion Scale was used to measure students' AB. Results: The prevalence of AB was described by percentages and the comparison between groups was performed with effect size measures. The results reveal BA levels at a high level (31.4%) and risk (11.7%). On the other hand, women score higher than men in BA, but no differences were found according to the year of study. The association with anxiety and depression was moderate. Conclusions: The prevalence of academic burnout was significant, and it is associated with anxiety and depression.

Psychometric properties of the UWES-9S in Peruvian college students / Propiedades psicométricas de la UWES-9S en estudiantes universitarios peruanos

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the internal structure dimensionality of the Utrech Work Engagement Scale -Student (UWES-9S) and its association with the academic procrastination reported by 321 psychology students from a private university in Cajamarca (Peru) ranging between 17 and 41 years old (79% women; M age = 22.50 years; 84% between 17 and 25 years old). The UWES-9S and the Academic Procrastination Scale (APS) were used and both a confirmatory and a bifactor analysis were conducted on the UWES-9S, as well as a structural regression analysis that specified the influence of the general and specific dimensions of engagement on the dimensions of academic procrastination. Regarding the results, the bifactor model is the one that best defines the construct, whereas the general dimension of engagement has a greater influence on the dimensions of academic procrastination than the specific ones. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed, as well as the need to focus on the students' positive resources in order to achieve greater involvement in their academic work.

Resumen El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la dimensionalidad de la estructura interna de la versión para estudiantes de la Utrech Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9S), así como su asociación con la procrastinación académica en 321 estudiantes de psicología de una universidad privada de Cajamarca, Perú, con edades entre los 17 y los 41 años (79 % mujeres; M edad = 22.50 años; 84 % entre 17 y 25 años). Para esto, se administró la UWES-9S y la Escala de Procrastinación Académica (EPA), y se realizó un análisis factorial confirmatorio y bifactor para la UWES-9S, así como un análisis de regresión estructural para identificar la influencia de las dimensiones general y específicas del engagement sobre las dimensiones de la procrastinación académica. Como resultados, el modelo bifactor muestra una mejor definición del constructo, y la dimensión general del engagement presenta mayor influencia sobre las dimensiones de la procrastinación académica que las específicas. Al final se discuten las implicaciones teóricas y prácticas de los hallazgos, así como la necesidad de enfocarse en los recursos positivos de los estudiantes con el fin de que logren un mayor involucramiento en sus labores académicas.

¿Es replicable la estructura factorial del Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Service Survey (MBI-HSS) en la profesión de enfermera del Perú?: un estudio nacional / Is the factorial structure of the Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Service Survey (MBI-HSS) replicable in the nursing profession in Peru? A national study

OBJETIVO: El Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) es un instrumento de uso habitual para la evaluación del síndrome de burnout. La versión del MBI-Human Service Survey (MBI-HSS) fue aplicado en enfermeros peruanos para explorar la prevalencia de este síndrome, sin considerar previamente posibles evidencias de validez para acreditar su uso. El propósito de la presente investigación es evaluar la estructura interna y la confiabilidad del MBI-HSS en enfermeros peruanos. MÉTODO: El estudio se elaboró mediante análisis secundario de datos a partir de la información recogida a 2.809 enfermeros del Perú obtenidos de la Encuesta Nacional de Satisfacción de Usuarios en Salud (ENSUSALUD) aplicado el año 2014. Se elaboró un análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio; la confiabilidad fue estimada con el alfa de Cronbach y Omega. RESULTADOS: Los análisis indicaron la presencia de 3 factores, pero con una reducción de 7 ítems; la confiabilidad fue aceptable con el coeficiente Omega. CONCLUSIONES: Los resultados cuestionan la validez de la versión original del MBI-HSS para su aplicación en las enfermeras peruanas, por tanto, se requiere tomar con cautela su utilidad diagnóstica. Como alternativa, es recomendable priorizar la versión de 15 ítems y continuar con los estudios de validación

OBJECTIVE: The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) is an instrument commonly used for the evaluation of burnout syndrome. The version of the MBI-Human Service Survey (MBI-HSS) was applied to Peruvian nurses to explore the prevalence of this syndrome without previously considering possible evidence of validity to accredit its use. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the internal structure and reliability of the MBI-HSS in Peruvian nurses. METHODS: The study was prepared through secondary data analysis based on the information collected from 2809 nurses in Peru obtained from the National Survey of Satisfaction of Health Users (ENSUSALUD) applied in 2014. An exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was prepared; reliability was estimated with Cronbach alpha and omega. RESULTS: The analyses indicated the presence of three factors, but with a reduction of 7 items; reliability was acceptable with the omega coefficient. CONCLUSION: The results question the validity of the original version of the MBI-HSS for its application in Peruvian nurses, therefore, its diagnostic utility should be viewed with caution. As an alternative, it is advisable to prioritise the 15-item version and to continue with validation studies

Is the factorial structure of the Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Service Survey (MBI-HSS) replicable in the nursing profession in Peru? A national study. / ¿Es replicable la estructura factorial del Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Service Survey (MBI-HSS) en la profesión de enfermera del Perú?: un estudio nacional.

OBJECTIVE: The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) is an instrument commonly used for the evaluation of burnout syndrome. The version of the MBI-Human Service Survey (MBI-HSS) was applied to Peruvian nurses to explore the prevalence of this syndrome without previously considering possible evidence of validity to accredit its use. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the internal structure and reliability of the MBI-HSS in Peruvian nurses. METHODS: The study was prepared through secondary data analysis based on the information collected from 2809 nurses in Peru obtained from the National Survey of Satisfaction of Health Users (ENSUSALUD) applied in 2014. An exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was prepared; reliability was estimated with Cronbach alpha and omega. RESULTS: The analyses indicated the presence of three factors, but with a reduction of 7 items; reliability was acceptable with the omega coefficient. CONCLUSION: The results question the validity of the original version of the MBI-HSS for its application in Peruvian nurses, therefore, its diagnostic utility should be viewed with caution. As an alternative, it is advisable to prioritise the 15-item version and to continue with validation studies.

Datos normativos de una escala de agotamiento emocional académico en estudiantes universitarios de psicología de Lima (Perú) / Normative data of an emotional exhaustion scale in psychology college students from Lima (Perú)

OBJETIVO: El objetivo del presente trabajo fue obtener datos normativos de la Escala de Cansancio Emocional en estudiantes de psicología de 3 universidades privadas de Lima. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Esta investigación se llevó a cabo con una muestra de 1.102 estudiantes de psicología (77% mujeres) de entre 16 y 56 años (M = 21,09; DE = 4,570). Fueron utilizadas la Escala de Cansancio Emocional, la Escala de Autoeficacia Percibida Específica de Situaciones Académicas, el Patient Health Questionnarie-2 y la Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-2. Fue implementado un análisis factorial de grupo múltiple para el análisis de invarianza, el cálculo de percentiles para la elaboración de los baremos y los análisis comparativos fueron ejecutados con la t de Student y ANOVA, acompañados con medidas de magnitud del efecto. RESULTADOS: La invarianza de medición recibió evidencia favorable y los indicadores de confiabilidad (alfa, omega y eta) fueron adecuados. Las puntuaciones de la Escala de Cansancio Emocional no se aproximan a la normalidad, y por ello los baremos se elaboraron con base en percentiles. Los puntos de corte poseen una confiabilidad elevada, y las categorías obtenidas tienen una buena capacidad discriminativa en contraste con criterios externos (autoeficacia académica, ansiedad y depresión). Finalmente, la diferencia hallada entre varones y mujeres carece de significación práctica. CONCLUSIONES: Con base en la evidencia presentada, los baremos elaborados son útiles para estudios relacionados con la prevalencia del agotamiento emocional, y pueden ser utilizados tanto en varones como en mujeres

OBJECTIVE: The main objective of the present study was to obtain normative data from the Emotional Exhaustion Scale in psychology students from three private universities in Lima. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This research study was carried out with a sample of 1,102 psychology students (77% females) age ranged between 16 and 56 years (M = 21.09; SD = 4.570). The instruments used to measure the constructs were: the Emotional Exhaustion Scale, the Scale of Specific Perceived Self-Efficacy of Academic Situations, the Patient Health Questionnaire-2, and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-2. In order to test measurement invariance a multi-group confirmatory factor analyses was conducted, likewise, the computation of percentiles, effect size and comparative analyses by means of T-Test and ANOVA were performed. RESULTS: There was evidence of measurement invariance and the reliability coefficients (alpha, Omega and Eta) were adequate. The Emotional Exhaustion Scale scores are non-normal distributed, and so the scale was elaborated on the basis of percentiles. Cut-off points have high reliability, and the categories obtained have good discriminative capacity in association with external criteria (academic self-efficacy, anxiety and depression). Finally, we did not find any practical significance among men and women. CONCLUSION: Based on the evidence presented, the elaborated scales are useful for studies related to the prevalence of emotional exhaustion, and can be used in both men and women

Cuestionario breve de Burnout, ¿una elección adecuada? / Short questionnaire on Burnout, an appropriate choice?

No disponible

Ítem único de burnout en estudiantes de educación superior: estudio de validez de contenido / Single-item burnout in higher education students: content validity study

INTRODUCCIÓN: El burnout es un problema de salud que no solo ocurre en el contexto laboral, sino incluso en el ámbito académico. Las evaluaciones de identificación temprana de este fenómeno se beneficiarán de medidas breves, y existen varias propuestas de este tipo en el contexto laboral, pero no se conoce ninguna medida equivalente para el ambiente académico. La presente investigación evalúa la validez de contenido de una nueva medida de ítem único del burnout en estudiantes en su contexto académico. MÉTODOS: Participaron voluntariamente 10 docentes universitarios de Psicología Clínica y 32 estudiantes de Psicología. El ítem único de burnout en estudiantes se adaptó de uno existente para el contexto laboral. Esta adaptación se evaluó desde el marco de la validez de contenido, mediante 2 aspectos: el ordenamiento percibido de las opciones de intensidad y la claridad del ítem. RESULTADOS: El ordenamiento de las opciones de respuesta fue verificado, aunque un leve solapamiento ocurrió en las 2 opciones de mayor intensidad. Hubo algunas discrepancias entre la percepción de los docentes y estudiantes. La claridad del contenido fue satisfactoria. CONCLUSIONES: El contenido de esta nueva propuesta de medición breve del burnout estudiantil es satisfactorio respecto a la claridad de su contenido y al ordenamiento percibido de las intensidades de respuesta

INTRODUCTION: Burnout is a health problem that not only occurs in the work context, but also in the academic field. Assessments for early identification of this problem would benefit from short measures. Although there are several such proposals in the work context, there are no equivalents known for the academic environment. This study evaluates the content validity of a new single-item burnout measurement in the student academic context. METHODS: The study included a voluntary sample of 10 university teachers of clinical psychology and 32 psychology students. The single-item of burnout in students was adapted from an existing one in the employment context. This adaptation was evaluated in the context of content validity by 2 aspects: the perceived order of the intensity options of the answer, and clarity of the item. RESULTS: The ordering of response options was verified, although a slight overlap occurred in the 2 options of greater intensity. There were some discrepancies between the perception of teachers and students. The clarity of the content was satisfactory. CONCLUSIONS: The content of this new proposal for a short student burnout measurement is satisfactory as regards the clarity of the content and the perceived order of the intensities of response

Validación inicial de una Escala Breve de Satisfacción con los Estudios en estudiantes universitarios de Lima / Preliminary validation of a Brief Scale of Study Satisfaction in university students of Lima

OBJETIVO: Realizar el análisis psicométrico preliminar de la Escala Breve de Satisfacción con los Estudios (EBSE) en estudiantes universitarios. MÉTODO: Se evaluó una muestra de 590 estudiantes (75,9% mujeres) de edades comprendidas entre los 17 y los 47 años (M = 20,37; DE = 3,155). Adicionalmente, se utilizaron medidas de ansiedad (GAD-2) y depresión (PHQ-2). Se aplicó un análisis factorial exploratorio, para conjuntamente diferenciar el EBSE, GAD-2 y PHQ-2. Finalmente, la fiabilidad por consistencia fue calculada a través del coeficiente alfa. RESULTADOS: Fue hallada una estructura de 2 factores, uno de satisfacción con los estudios (42% de varianza retenida) y otro de afecto negativo (ansiedad y depresión, 22% de varianza), lo que brinda evidencia de validez de constructo de la EBSE. Adicionalmente, la fiabilidad de las puntuaciones de la EBSE fue adecuada (0,788). CONCLUSIÓN: Se obtuvieron buenas propiedades psicométricas en el instrumento. Se discuten las consecuencias prácticas y las limitaciones del estudio

OBJECTIVE: The aim was the preliminary psychometric analysis of the Brief Scale of Study Satisfaction (BSSS) in college students. Method: The sample consisted of 590 students (75.9% women) between 17 and 47 years old (Mean = 20.37; SD = 3.155). Depression and anxiety measures (GAD-2 and PHQ-2) were also used. An exploratory factor analysis to jointly differentiate the EBSE, GAD-2, and PHQ-2 was applied to data. Finally, the score reliability was assessed by the coefficient alpha. RESULTS: A two-factor structure was found, one of Satisfaction with Studies (42% variance), and another of Affection Negative (Anxiety and Depression, 22% variance), thus providing evidence of construct validity of the EBSE. In addition, the reliability was adequate (.788). CONCLUSIÓN: The EBSE is a suitable measurement tool with initially good psychometric properties. The practical implications and limitations of the study are discussed

Ítem único de burnout académico y su relación con autoeficacia académica en estudiantes universitarios / Single-item academic burnout and its relationship with academic self-efficacy in college students

No disponible

El Lado Socialmente Deseable de las Respuestas a Medidas de Burnout y Engagement: un Estudio Preliminar / The Socially Desirable Side of the Responses to Measures of Burnout and Engagement: A Preliminary Study / O Lado Socialmente Desejável das Respostas a Medidas de Burnout e Engagement: um Estudo Preliminar

El presente estudio reporta la asociación divergente entre la deseabilidad social y las respuestas al MBI-GS y UWES, dos instrumentos que miden constructos considerados opuestos: burnout y engagement. Esta relación ha sido muy pocas veces explorada, y menos aun en sujetos hispanos. Los participantes fueron trabajadores de tiendas comerciales en la zona central de Lima Metropolitana. Se halló que la deseabilidad social comparte varianza con los puntajes de agotamiento emocional e indiferencia, pero esta relación estuvo influenciada por el instrumento de medición de la deseabilidad social. Las correlaciones parciales entre los puntajes del MBI no fueron prácticamente diferentes de sus correlaciones de orden cero. El UWES no covarió con deseabilidad social. Se concluye que la deseabilidad social tiene poca influencia sobre los puntajes orientados hacia el burnout en el MBI.

The present study reports the divergent association between social desirability and the responses to MBI-GS and UWES, 2 instruments that measure constructs considered opposite: burnout and engagement. This relationship has been explored very little, and even less in Hispanic subjects. The participants were employees of retail shops in the central zone of metropolitan Lima. It was found that social desirability shares variance with the scores of emotional exhaustion and indifference, but this relationship was influenced by the instrument that measures social desirability. The partial correlations between the MBI scores showed practically no difference from their zero order correlations. The UWES did not co-vary with social desirability. It is concluded that social desirability has little influence on scores oriented toward the burnout in the MBI.

Este estudo relata a associação divergente entre a desejabilidade social e as respostas ao MBI-GS e UWES, dois instrumentos que medem constructos considerados opostos: burnout e engagement. Essa relação tem sido pouco explorada, menos ainda em sujeitos hispânicos. Os participantes foram trabalhadores de lojas na área central de Lima Metropolitana. Constatou-se que a desejabilidade social compartilha variação com as pontuações de esgotamento emocional e indiferença, mas essa relação esteve influenciada pelo instrumento de medição da desejabilidade social. As correlações parciais entre as pontuações do MBI não foram praticamente diferentes de suas correlações de ordem zero. O UWES não covariou com desejabilidade social. Conclui-se que a desejabilidade social tem pouca influência sobre as pontuações orientadas a burnout no MBI.

Entusiasmo por el trabajo (engagement): un estudio de validez en profesionales de la docencia en Lima, Perú / Work engagement: a validity study in teaching professionals from Lima, Peru

El entusiasmo por el trabajo (work engagement) es un constructo que integra sentimientos de Vigor, Dedicación y Absorción (Schaufeli, Salanova, González-Romá y Bakker, 2002). El presente estudio tiene por objetivo investigar la validez factorial de la Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) en las versiones de 15 y 9 ítems en una muestra de 145 profesores de la ciudad de Lima, Perú. Se utilizaron análisis exploratorios y análisis factoriales confirmatorios. Los resultados mostraron que la UWES tiene adecuadas propiedades psicométricas, respetando su estructura tridimensional y, particularmente, la versión de 9 ítems evidenció los mejores índices de ajuste. Futuros estudios deberán confirmar estos hallazgos.

Work engagement is a construct that integrates feelings of vigor, dedication and absorption (Schaufeli, Salanova, Gonzalez-Roma and Bakker, 2002). The purpose of this study is to investigate the factorial validity of the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) with versions of 15 and 9 items, in a sample by 145 teachers from Lima, Peru. We used exploratory analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. The results show that the UWES has adequate psychometric properties, while respecting its three-dimensional structure, and particularly the 9 items version showed better indices of adjustment. Future studies will be required to confirm these findings.

Análisis estructural e invarianza de medición del MBI-GS en trabajadores peruanos / Structural analysis and measurement invariance of MBI-GS in peruvian workers

La medición del burnout ha evolucionado con la creación de varios instrumentos y modelos. El Maslach Burnout Inventory - General Survey (MBI-GS) es uno de estos instrumentos para medir tres constructos definicionales del burnout: (1) agotamiento emocional, (2) eficacia profesional y (3) indiferencia. Fue creado para un amplio rango de ocupaciones, pero pocas veces se ha verificado su estructura latente e invarianza de medición en Latinoamérica. El presente estudio analiza esta estructura latente y la invarianza de medición del MBI-GS en una muestra de 940 trabajadores peruanos de varias ocupaciones. Se aplicó la metodología de ecuaciones estructurales mediante el análisis factorial confirmatorio, así como la invarianza de medición entre varones y mujeres, imponiendo restricciones sucesivamente más estrictas. Los resultados verificaron satisfactoriamente la estructura de tres dimensiones latentes del MBI-GS, y la invarianza de sus parámetros entre hombres y mujeres. Se discute las implicaciones de los resultados...

The measurement of burnout has evolved into the creation of various tools and models. The Maslach Burnout Inventory - General Survey (MBI-GS) is one of these instruments used to measure three definitional constructs of burnout: (1) emotional exhaustion, (2) professional efficiency, and (3) indifference. It was created for a wide range of occupations, but its latent structure and invariance of measurement in Latin America has rarely been verified. The present study analyzes the latent structure and the invariance of measurement of MBI-GS in a sample of 940 Peruvian workers in various occupations. The methodology of structural equations was applied through the confirmatory factor analysis, as well as the invariance of measurement between men and women, imposing restrictions successively more strict. The results satisfactorily verified the structure of three-dimensional latent MBI-GS, and the invariance of its parameters between men and women. The implications of the results are discussed...